Kunezinhlobo eziningi zodayi, umthengisi we-Reactive dyeing uqala ukukhuluma mayelana nodayi abasebenzayo, odayi abasebenzayo bawudayi ovame kakhulu futhi osetshenziswa kakhulu.
Incazelo yodayi abasebenzayo
Ukudaya okusebenzayo: I-Reactive Dyeing, eyaziwa nangokuthi idayi esebenzayo, iwuhlobo lukadayi olusabela ngemicu ngesikhathi sokudaya.Lolu hlobo lwe-molecule kadayi luqukethe iqembu elingasabela ngamakhemikhali nge-fiber.Ngesikhathi sokudaya, udayi uhlangana ne-fiber, yakhe isibopho esivumelanayo phakathi kwakho kokubili futhi yakhe yonke, okuthuthukisa ukusheshisa kokuwasha nokuhlikihla.
Odayi abasebenzayo bakhiwe odayi abangabazali, amaqembu axhumanisayo namaqembu asebenzayo.Isandulela sikadayi sinesakhiwo se-azo, i-anthraquinone, i-phthalocyanine, njll. Amaqembu asebenzayo avamile i-chlorinated junsanzhen (uhlobo lwe-X nohlobo lwe-K), i-vinyl sulfone sulfate (uhlobo lwe-KN) kanye neqembu elisebenza kabili (uhlobo lwe-M).Ama-molecule edayi asebenzayo aqukethe amaqembu asebenza ngamakhemikhali, angasabela ngekotini, uboya kanye neminye imicu kusixazululo samanzi ukuze enze isibopho esivamile, ukuze indwangu edayiwe eqediwe ibe nokushesha okuphezulu kokugeza.
Odayi abasasetshenziswayo bayancibilika emanzini futhi bangahlangana ngokuhlanganyela nemicu ye-cellulose.Inombala ogqamile, ukusebenza kahle kokulinganisa, ingamboza amaphutha athile endwangu, futhi inokushesha okuhle kwensipho.Kodwa-ke, odayi abaningi abasebenzayo abamelani kahle ne-chlorine bleaching futhi bayazwela kuma-asidi nama-alkali.Naka ukushesha kwesimo sezulu lapho udaya imibala ekhanyayo.Odayi abasebenzayo bangadaya ukotini, i-viscose, usilika, uvolo, inayiloni neminye imicu.
Ukudaya Okusebenzayo
Ukuhlukaniswa kwamadayi asebenzayo
Ngokwamaqembu ahlukene asebenzayo, odayi abasebenzayo bangahlukaniswa izigaba ezimbili: uhlobo lwe-symmetric triazene kanye nohlobo lwe-vinyl sulfone.
Uhlobo lwe-Symmetric triazene: Kulolu hlobo lukadayi osebenzayo, imvelo yamakhemikhali ye-athomu ye-chlorine esebenzayo isebenza kakhulu.Ngesikhathi sokudaya, ama-athomu e-chlorine athathelwa indawo imicu ye-cellulose endaweni ye-alkaline futhi abe amaqembu ashiyayo.Ukusabela phakathi kodayi kanye nefayibha ye-cellulose kuwukusabela kwe-bimolecular nucleophilic substitution.
Uhlobo lwe-vinyl sulfone: Iqembu elisebenzayo eliqukethwe kulolu hlobo lukadayi osebenzayo yi-vinyl sulfone (D-SO2CH = CH2) noma i-β-hydroxyethyl sulfone sulfate.Ngesikhathi sokudaya, i-β-hydroxyethyl sulfone sulphate ikhishwa endaweni ye-alkaline ukuze kwakhiwe iqembu le-vinyl sulfone, elibe selihlanganiswa ne-cellulose fiber bese libhekana nokusabela kokwengezwa kwe-nucleophilic ukuze kwakhiwe isibopho esihlangene.
Izinhlobo ezimbili ezingenhla zodayi abasebenzayo yibo odayi abakhulu abasebenzayo abanomkhiqizo omkhulu kunawo wonke emhlabeni.Ukuze kuthuthukiswe izinga lokulungisa odayi abasebenzayo, amaqembu amabili asebenzayo aye afakwa kuma-molecule kadayi eminyakeni yamuva, abizwa ngokuthi odayi abakabili abasebenzayo.
Odayi abasebenzayo bangahlukaniswa ngochungechunge oluningana ngokuya ngamaqembu abo asebenzayo ahlukile:
1. Odayi abasebenzayo bohlobo lwe-X baqukethe amaqembu asebenzayo e-dichloro-s-triazine, okuwudayi abasebenzayo bezinga lokushisa eliphansi, abalungele ukudaywa imicu ye-cellulose ku-40-50 ℃.
2. Odayi abasebenzayo bohlobo lwe-K baqukethe iqembu elisebenzayo le-monochlorotriazine, okuwudayi osebenzayo osezingeni eliphezulu, ofanele ukuphrinta nokudaywa kwephedi yezindwangu zikakotini.
3. Udayi osebenzayo wohlobo lwe-KN uqukethe i-hydroxyethyl sulfone sulfate reactive group, okuyingxenye yodayi osebenzayo wohlobo lwezinga lokushisa elimaphakathi.Izinga lokushisa lokudaya lingu-40-60 ℃, lilungele ukudaya ukudaya umqulu kakotini, ukudaya okubandayo okupakishayo, nombala wangemuva wokuphrinta ophikisana nodayi;futhi ilungele ukudaya izindwangu ze-hemp.
4. Odayi abasebenzayo bohlobo lwe-M baqukethe amaqembu amabili asebenzayo futhi bangabodayi abasebenzayo bohlobo lwezinga lokushisa elimaphakathi.Izinga lokushisa lokudaya lingu-60 ℃.Ifanele ukotini kanye nelineni lokushisa okuphakathi kokudaya nokuphrinta.
5. Odayi abasebenzayo bohlobo lwe-KE baqukethe amaqembu asebenza kabili futhi bangabodayi abasebenzayo bohlobo lokushisa eliphezulu, abafanele ukudaya izindwangu zikakotini nelineni.Ukushesha kombala
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Mar-24-2020